What does the term 'effluent' refer to in relation to septic systems?

Effluent refers to the treated wastewater that exits the septic tank and flows into the drain field or soil absorption system. After the wastewater from your household enters the septic tank, it undergoes a natural treatment process where solids settle to the bottom of the tank (forming sludge), and lighter materials such as grease float to the top (creating scum). The effluent is the liquid that remains in the middle layer, which is relatively clear and has been partially treated. This effluent is then released into the drain field, where further treatment occurs as it percolates through the soil, ultimately helping to mitigate environmental impacts. Understanding this term is crucial for septic system maintenance and ensuring proper wastewater management.