Which factor can greatly affect the performance of a septic system?

Soil composition and texture are critical factors influencing the performance of a septic system. The soil's ability to absorb and filter effluent from the septic tank directly impacts the system's efficiency and effectiveness. Soils with good drainage, such as sandy soils, allow wastewater to percolate effectively, promoting proper treatment before it reaches groundwater. Conversely, clay soils, which have poor drainage capabilities, can lead to system backups and increased risk of surface discharge.

The quality and type of soil also determine how well the effluent is treated as it moves through the soil layers. The biological processes occurring in the soil rely on its texture and composition, which in turn affects the overall health and longevity of the septic system. Proper assessment of soil characteristics is therefore essential for effective system design and installation to prevent future complications.